Changing an old ritual or making a new one to meet present-day needs. It does not mean throwing tradition away. It asks how tradition can still help people mark time, build community, heal, celebrate, and remember.

The phrase is descriptive, not a term invented by one person. Scholars use it to study how rituals change over time.

Suggested source: Vanessa Ochs, Inventing Jewish Ritual (Jewish Publication Society, 2007).